The experience of modern local conflicts and the general statistics of mine and blast and bullet wounds impose stringent requirements for individual body armor protection. It is provided by body armor, which should simultaneously be able to protect the soldier and not be too heavy. Consider the most effective modern constructions of protective structure and the basic elements of such constructions: armor panels and fabrics for the protective vest cover.
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Peculiarities of flak jackets
The basis of armor protection is a fabric cover and an armor panel that fits in there. The cover is made of a high-strength waterproof fabric that is resistant to heat and does not crumble during heavy wear in combat areas.
A bulletproof vest usually consists of 30-50 layers of durable fabric. The more layers a vest is made of, the better it protects the person, but the weight of the product rises in proportion to that.
At the last stage of creating the product, armor panels are inserted into special pockets. Depending on the desired degree of protection, the panels are made of different materials. They can be ceramic, steel or fabric.
Of course, the denser and thicker the material of the armor panels, the better it protects the fighter. But as protection increases, so does a person’s ability to move and maneuver deftly, which is just as important in combat. Therefore, armor manufacturers are trying to stick to the golden mean in this matter. In addition, it is necessary to make sure that the armor panel does not cost a fortune.
Materials used to create body armor
Armor panels with a mosaic aluminum oxide tile structure make up the lion’s share of serial production. With similar ballistic efficiency, boron and silicon carbides are 1.5 times lighter than aluminum oxide. But the production of armor tiles from them is many times more expensive, technologically more complicated and provides fewer opportunities to produce various forms of parts for the mosaic structure of armor plates. The reason is that the machining of already completed elements is practically eliminated due to its high cost.
Aluminum oxide armor ceramics allows its mass production, in various forms, with a stable quality. The basic physical properties of armored elements with high aluminum oxide content differ insignificantly from more expensive ones made of boron and silicon carbides. Stable quality and ballistic efficiency of aluminum oxide armor ceramics are achieved by a multi-stage control system of all production stages, in which such parameters as aluminum oxide content, material density, hardness, modulus of elasticity are monitored.
One of the requirements for armor panels is as follows: bullet resistance must be at least 3 rounds per armor panel. It must be made in combination with layers of materials designed to reduce damage to human external coverings and internal organs, provided that the body armor itself is not pierced.
Armor structures and compositions of their elements have a tendency to their combined use depending on combat tasks. The combination will depend on the climatic conditions and the specifics of the combatant’s task. This is accomplished by layering the armor design into elements.
